Gallery

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    HDC

    • Rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta.
    • Introduced for therapy in 2011. Sold as cysticercoids (HDC) and taken in a drink.
    • HDC do not colonise in the human host so you must repeat the dose every few weeks. HDC are very effective but do not keep as long as TSO.
    • HDC (Hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids) is the larval stage of the Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm). Source: William Parker[1]

      HDC (Hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids) is the larval stage of the Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm).
      Source: William Parker[1]

    • Rat tapeworms harvested from a single laboratory rat are shown in a six-well plate. The worms don’t harm the rats. Each worm can produce more than 1,000 eggs per day. Source: William Parker[1]

      Rat tapeworms harvested from a single laboratory rat are shown in a six-well plate. The worms don’t harm the rats. Each worm can produce more than 1,000 eggs per day.
      Source: William Parker[1]

    • Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm). Source: William Parker[1]

      Hymenolepis diminuta (rat tapeworm).
      Source: William Parker[1]

    • A vial of 60 HDC. The HDC can be seen as small white floating objects. Source: Michael via Biome Restoration[2]

      A vial of 60 HDC. The HDC can be seen as small white floating objects.
      Source: Michael via Biome Restoration[2]

    TSO

    • Pig whipworm, Trichuris suis (TS)
    • Introduced for therapy in 2004. Sold as ova (TSO) and taken as a drink.
    • TS do not colonise in the human host so you must repeat the dose every few weeks.
    • TS (Trichuris suis), Pig whipworm - Source

      TS (Trichuris suis), Pig whipworm - Source

    • Pig whipworm ova (TSO) - Ova are seen after roughly 100 days of incubation. The eggs must be manually counted under a microscope. Source: Detlev Goj, Tanawisa[3]

      Pig whipworm ova (TSO) - Ova are seen after roughly 100 days of incubation. The eggs must be manually counted under a microscope.
      Source: Detlev Goj, Tanawisa[3]

    • A bottle of 2,500 TSO (Trichuris suis ova) Source: Detlev Goj, Tanawisa[3]

      A bottle of 2,500 TSO (Trichuris suis ova)
      Source: Detlev Goj, Tanawisa[3]

    TTO

    • Human whipworm, Trichuris trichiura (TT)
    • Introduced for therapy in 2009. Sold as ova (TTO) and taken in a drink.
    • Trichuris trichiura colonises the human large intestine.
    • TT (Trichuris trichiura), Human whipworm - Source

      TT (Trichuris trichiura), Human whipworm - Source

    • TTO (Trichuris trichiura ova), Human whipworm ova - Source

      TTO (Trichuris trichiura ova), Human whipworm ova - Source


    NA

    • Human hookworm, Necator americanus (NA)
    • Introduced for therapy in 2007. Sold as microscopic larvae which are applied to the skin.
    • Necator americanus colonises the human small intestine.
    • The face of Necator americanus (NA). Note that the image of Ancylostoma duodenale (the human hookworm with four "teeth"), is often used in presentations but AD is not suitable for helminthic therapy. Source:[4]

      The face of Necator americanus (NA).
      Note that the image of Ancylostoma duodenale (the human hookworm with four "teeth"), is often used in presentations but AD is not suitable for helminthic therapy.
      Source:[4]

    • Necator americanus (NA). The only human hookworm suitable for helminthic therapy. Source:[4]

      Necator americanus (NA). The only human hookworm suitable for helminthic therapy.
      Source:[4]

    • Eggs of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale look the same and usually contain 4 or 8 cells, but AD is not suitable for helminthic therapy. Source:[4]

      Eggs of Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale look the same and usually contain 4 or 8 cells, but AD is not suitable for helminthic therapy.
      Source:[4]



    Image Credits

    Click through on the image for more information.

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Image source: Thank you William Parker (William Parker Lab)]. Used with permission
    2. ↑ Image source: Thank you Marc Dellerba (Biome Restoration). Used with permission.
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Image source: Thank you Detlev Goj (Tanawisa). Used with permission.
    4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Image source is currently unknown
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