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Robert: In Progress - Edit at your own risk
<div class="noglossary" style="line-height:125%;max-width: 750px; background-color:#F5FAFF;border: 1px solid #CEDFF2; padding:8px; padding-left:8px; padding-bottom:4px; margin-bottom:12px;">
<div class="noglossary" style="line-height:125%;max-width: 750px; background-color:#F5FAFF;border: 1px solid #CEDFF2; padding:8px; padding-left:8px; padding-bottom:4px; margin-bottom:12px;">
<div style="font-size:120%;border:1px solid #95BAE3;background-color:#CEDFF2;padding:12px;padding-left:8px;">'''Key'''</div>
<div style="font-size:120%;border:1px solid #95BAE3;background-color:#CEDFF2;padding:12px;padding-left:8px;">'''Key'''</div>
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__TOC__
<div class="toclimit-3">__TOC__</div>


== Introduction ==
== Introduction ==
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== Pharmaceuticals ==
== Pharmaceuticals ==


=== Anaesthetics (anesthetics), general [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthetic] ===
=== Anaesthetics (anesthetics), General [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anesthetic] ===


==== ❌ Nitrous oxide (N2O) (E942) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrous_oxide] ====
==== ❌ Nitrous oxide (N2O) (E942) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrous_oxide] ====
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Anyone who does lose their worms to nitrous oxide will [http://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/helminthictherapy/conversations/topics/2950 soon know that they are gone] because their disease
Anyone who does lose their worms to nitrous oxide will [http://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/helminthictherapy/conversations/topics/2950 soon know that they are gone] because their disease
symptoms will return, typically within days or, at most, a couple of weeks after losing them.
symptoms will return, typically within days or, at most, a couple of weeks after losing them.
</blockquote>
==== ✅ Helminth Safe ====


<blockquote>
✅ Note that these other forms of nitrogen should not be a problem. The reaction of hookworms to nitrous oxide is extremely specific.
Note that these other forms of nitrogen should not be a problem. The reaction of hookworms to nitrous oxide is extremely specific.
* Nitric oxide (NO) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitric_oxide]
* Nitric oxide (NO) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitric_oxide]
* Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_dioxide]
* Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nitrogen_dioxide]
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evenly distributed between intra and extracellular spaces, whipworms may come into contact with it as they graze,
evenly distributed between intra and extracellular spaces, whipworms may come into contact with it as they graze,
so may still be affected to some extent, although perhaps less so than hookworms.
so may still be affected to some extent, although perhaps less so than hookworms.
</blockquote>
==== Other general anaesthetics ====


<blockquote>
Other gaseous anaesthetics may also be a problem for helminths because, while they might not kill them outright,
Other gaseous anaesthetics may also be a problem for helminths because, while they might not kill them outright,
they may stun them, causing them to be expelled from the gut before waking up.
they may stun them, causing them to be expelled from the gut before waking up.


It has been suggested that the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) used in the early days of anaesthesia - e.g.,
It has been suggested that the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) used in the early days of anaesthesia - e.g.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diethyl_ether diethyl ether] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroform chloroform] - might possibly also kill human helminths if taken in large enough quantity,
* ❌[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diethyl_ether diethyl ether]  
* ❌[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chloroform chloroform]
might possibly also kill human helminths if taken in large enough quantity,
although other VOCs may not (see VOCs section below). However, a clinical scientist has reported that, while hosting human helminths, he
although other VOCs may not (see VOCs section below). However, a clinical scientist has reported that, while hosting human helminths, he
worked around more organic solvents, including dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and chloroform (CHCl3), than most
worked around more organic solvents, including dichloromethane (CH2Cl2) and chloroform (CHCl3), than most
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production.
production.


[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propofol Propofol] - Based on what is known currently, this injected anaesthetic (an ultrashort-acting sedative with amnesiac effects) appears to be the only worm-safe general anaesthetic.  
✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propofol Propofol] - Based on what is known currently, this injected anaesthetic (an ultrashort-acting sedative with amnesiac effects) appears to be the only worm-safe general anaesthetic.  
While it has been shown to adversely affect the mitochondria of roundworms in laboratory conditions, it is clear from the experience of one host of both
While it has been shown to adversely affect the mitochondria of roundworms in laboratory conditions, it is clear from the experience of one host of both
hookworms and whipworms that propofol does not harm human helminths in the concentrations used during
hookworms and whipworms that propofol does not harm human helminths in the concentrations used during
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further discussion of the “caine” drugs under '''Anaesthetics (anesthetics), local'''.
further discussion of the “caine” drugs under '''Anaesthetics (anesthetics), local'''.


[http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090804145614.htm Regional nerve blocks] may provide a better alternative to general anaesthesia for helminth hosts in some cases,
✅ [http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/08/090804145614.htm Regional nerve blocks] may provide a better alternative to general anaesthesia for helminth hosts in some cases,
[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-10908414 especially for limb surgery].
[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-wales-10908414 especially for limb surgery].
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
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</blockquote>
</blockquote>


==== ✅ Safe alternatives ====
==== ✅ Local anaesthetics - safe alternatives ====
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioids Opioid] pain killers ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fentanyl fentanyl], etc.), the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzodiazepine benzodiazepine] anaesthetics ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versed versed], etc., routinely used during
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opioids Opioid] pain killers ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fentanyl fentanyl], etc.), the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benzodiazepine benzodiazepine] anaesthetics ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versed versed], etc., routinely used during
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=== Anaesthetics (anesthetics), topical [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaesthetics] ===
=== Anaesthetics (anesthetics), topical [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaesthetics] ===
==== ✅ Helminth Safe ====


<blockquote>
<blockquote>
Topical anaesthetics such as lidocaine are unlikely to affect helminths because not enough of the drug will get into
✅ Topical anaesthetics such as lidocaine are unlikely to affect helminths because not enough of the drug will get into
the blood stream to affect the worms. Topical lidocaine used before blood tests or the fitting of a catheter, or on the
the blood stream to affect the worms. Topical lidocaine used before blood tests or the fitting of a catheter, or on the
mucous membranes in the mouth or nose, are therefore worm-safe. Alternatively, an ice pack can be very effective
mucous membranes in the mouth or nose, are therefore worm-safe. Alternatively, an ice pack can be very effective
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</blockquote>
</blockquote>


==== ⚡ Piperazine-derived compounds ====
==== ❓ Piperazine-derived compounds ====


<blockquote>
<blockquote>
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* These include many antidepressants including  
* These include many antidepressants including  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trazodone trazodone] (Depyrel, Desyrel, Molipaxin, Oleptro, Trazodil, Trazorel, Trialodine, Trittico),  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trazodone trazodone] (Depyrel, Desyrel, Molipaxin, Oleptro, Trazodil, Trazorel, Trialodine, Trittico),  
* antipsychotics such as  
* antipsychotics such as  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olanzapine olanzapine] (Lanzek, Zypadhera, Zyprexa),  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olanzapine olanzapine] (Lanzek, Zypadhera, Zyprexa),  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olanzapine prochlorperazine] (Compazine, Stemzine, Buccastem, Stemetil, Phenotil),  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olanzapine prochlorperazine] (Compazine, Stemzine, Buccastem, Stemetil, Phenotil),  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziprasidone ziprasidone] (Geodon, Zeldox),  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziprasidone ziprasidone] (Geodon, Zeldox),  
* the migraine treatment  
* the migraine treatment  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migraleve Migraleve Pink],  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Migraleve Migraleve Pink],  
* and antihistamines including  
* and antihistamines including  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buclizine buclizine],  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buclizine buclizine],  
** ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetirizine cetirizine] (Zyrtec, Reactine),
** ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cetirizine cetirizine] (Zyrtec, Reactine),
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorcyclizine chlorcyclizine] (Di-paralene, Mantadil, Pruresidine, Trihistan),  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlorcyclizine chlorcyclizine] (Di-paralene, Mantadil, Pruresidine, Trihistan),  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnarizine cinnarizine] (Stugeron, Stunarone, R5),  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnarizine cinnarizine] (Stugeron, Stunarone, R5),  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclizine cyclizine],
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclizine cyclizine],
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyzine hydroxyzine] (Vistaril, Atarax),  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydroxyzine hydroxyzine] (Vistaril, Atarax),  
** ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levocetirizine levocetirizine] (Xyzal),  
** ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levocetirizine levocetirizine] (Xyzal),  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meclizine meclizine] (Bonine, Bonamine, Antivert, Postafen, Sea Legs, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dramamine dimenhydrinate] (Dramamine) and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niaprazine niaprazine])
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meclizine meclizine] (Bonine, Bonamine, Antivert, Postafen, Sea Legs, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dramamine dimenhydrinate] (Dramamine) and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niaprazine niaprazine])
* as well as antianginals, anxiolytics such as  
* as well as antianginals, anxiolytics such as  
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buspirone buspirone] (Buspar),
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buspirone buspirone] (Buspar),
* urologicals, e.g.
* urologicals, e.g.
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sildenafil sildenafil] (Revatio, ✅ Viagra) and   
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sildenafil sildenafil] (Revatio, ✅ Viagra) and   
** ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levitra vardenafil] (Levitra, Staxyn).  
** [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levitra vardenafil] (Levitra, Staxyn).  
However, this does not mean that all these piperazine derivatives will kill helminths. For example, ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viagra Viagra] [https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/helminthictherapy/conversations/topics/2144 does not kill hookworms],  
However, this does not mean that all these piperazine derivatives will kill helminths. For example, ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viagra Viagra] [https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/helminthictherapy/conversations/topics/2144 does not kill hookworms],  
and they [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/882635271792429/ can survive at least one 50mg dose] of dimenhydrinate (Dramamine).
and they [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/882635271792429/ can survive at least one 50mg dose] of dimenhydrinate (Dramamine).
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=== Anticoagulants [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant] ===  
=== Anticoagulants [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anticoagulant] ===  


==== ✅ Safe unless otherwise marked ====
==== ✅ Safe anticoagulants unless otherwise marked ====
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
Anticoagulant medicines and herbs (which reduce the clotting ability of blood) do not harm helminths, but may
Anticoagulant medicines and herbs (which reduce the clotting ability of blood) do not harm helminths, but may
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=== Antifungals [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungals] ===
=== Antifungals [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antifungals] ===


==== ✅ Safe unless otherwise marked ====
==== ✅ Safe antifungals unless otherwise marked ====
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
The antifungal drugs, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluconazole fluconazole] (Diflucan and Trican) and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystatin nystatin], both appear to be safe for use with human
The antifungal drugs, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluconazole fluconazole] (Diflucan and Trican) and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nystatin nystatin], both appear to be safe for use with human
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* ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Turmeric Turmeric, Wild] (Curcuma aromatica). While alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes of wild turmeric have shown ‘moderate’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424 test tube studies] and extracts of the rhizomes may therefore also have an adverse effect on other helminths, it is likely that consuming dietary amounts of this spice will do no harm to human helminths, though this has not yet been confirmed.
* ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_Turmeric Turmeric, Wild] (Curcuma aromatica). While alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes of wild turmeric have shown ‘moderate’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424 test tube studies] and extracts of the rhizomes may therefore also have an adverse effect on other helminths, it is likely that consuming dietary amounts of this spice will do no harm to human helminths, though this has not yet been confirmed.
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
=== Herbs ===
{{Columns|3}}
The majority of the herbs listed below have been reported, or claimed, to be antiparasitic, although clinical evidence
for this effect is lacking in many cases. Furthermore, where they are indeed antiparasitic, herbs may be more
effective against types of parasite other than helminths, although this is not to say that they may not also have
some detrimental effect on helminths.
Where a herb is effective against helminths, quite large quantities may be required to dislodge or kill the worms,
but consuming some of these herbs on a regular basis, or in the form of concentrates, extracts, tinctures and oils
that are directed at the gastrointestinal tract may weaken therapeutic helminths, making them less effective.
Many of the herbs listed below are used to treat a number of conditions in addition to parasite infections, so might
be encountered in a range of herbal remedies. It may therefore be advisable for any helminth host who
contemplates taking any herbal remedy to check its ingredients against the list below and, where an ingredient
appears to have antiparasitic properties, to seek an alternative, if possible.
When taking herbs, an additional risk arises from the fact that the majority of herbal products [http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/releases/267363.php contain unlisted ingredients], in view of which it would seem wise to employ a cautious approach with all herbal products.
{{Columns}}
==== ⚡ List of herbs ====
{{Columns|2}}
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acacia Acacia]. Also known as thorntree, whistling thorn, or wattle. One example of this genus of shrubs and trees, ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acacia_mollissima Acacia mearnsii], previously known as Acacia molissima) contains tannin extracts that have been found to have an [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377840107003641 anthelmintic effect] on Haemonchus contortus and Trichostrongylus colubriformis in lambs.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albizia_lebbeck Albizia lebbeck]. Alcoholic extracts of the bark of Albizia lebbeck have shown ‘moderate’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so extracts of the bark may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloe_vera Aloe vera]. This contains an antimicrobial agent, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponin saponin], and the laxative chemical, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aloin aloin]. Aloe is perhaps the best known laxative in history, and it may be this, rather than any actual anthelminthic property, that is the source of its reputation for expelling parasites. While extracts have been reported as showing inhibitory effects on two roundworm species, these only affected the hatching of eggs and the development of larval stages. One aloedrinking helminth host has reported that his habit has had no obvious detrimental effect on his worms, and another hookworm host failed to notice any adverse effects after drinking pure aloe juice or gel daily for a week or two, or after drinking one of the 16oz sweetened/flavored drinks. [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/803451913044099/]
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpinia Alpinia calcaratta]. Alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes of Alpinia calcaratta have shown ‘moderate’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424] so extracts of the rhizomes may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpinia_galanga Alpinia galanga]. Alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes of Alpinia galanga have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424] so extracts of these rhizomes may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrographis_paniculata Andrographis paniculata]. Alcoholic extracts of Andrographis paniculata have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, on test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424] so these extracts may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
* ⚡ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anise Anise] (Pimpinella anisum). Also known as aniseed. Anise oil may have modest antiparasitic effects and has been recommended by some practitioners as a treatment for mild intestinal parasite infections, but there have not been any reports about this from helminth hosts.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arecoline Arecoline]. This odourless oily liquid derived from the areca nut, fruit of the areca palm ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Areca_catechu Areca catechu]), has long been used medicinally as an anthelminthic.
* ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashwagandha Ashwagandha] (Withania somnifera). Also known as Indian ginseng, poison gooseberry, and winter cherry. A user of Applied Kinesiology has reported a negative response when testing ashwagandha in an HT user, but no other adverse reports have come to light so far.
* ⚡ [http://www.botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/b/balmon04.html Balmony] (Chelone glabra) A decoction or tincture prepared with all parts of the plant is said to be a highly effective remedy for parasites, including intestinal worms. It was used traditionally by Native Americans to expel worms and is used today in proprietary parasite cleansing preparations.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barberry Barberry] (Berberis vulgaris) contains ⚡'''berberine'''.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminalia_bellirica Beleric] (Terminalia bellirica/Terminalia bellerica). Also known as bastard myrobalan or Bahera. This herb is said to be anthelmintic, but this reputation may be due more to its laxative properties than any actual worm-killing potential.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berberine Berberine] is an amebicide which, in concentrated form, has been shown to kill various parasites such as tapeworms and giardia and to have anti adhesive effects which prevent pathogens from adhering to intestinal mucosal cells.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bidens_alba Bidens alba] has been reported as not being a problem for helminths.
* ❌ [http://scialert.net/fulltext/?doi=ijp.2013.211.226 Bitter cumin] (Centratherum anthelminticum). As its Latin name suggests, the seeds of this member of the daisy family are considered anthelminthic.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitter_melon Bitter melon] (Momordica charantia) is used as a folk medicine to treat gastrointestinal diseases, and extracts have shown activity against the nematode worm C. elegans in test tube studies[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378874104003770].
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juglans_nigra Black walnut] (Juglans nigra). Also known as eastern black walnut. This nut has been claimed to be one of the best overall dewormers for humans, killing both the adult and developmental stages of at least 100 parasites. However, according to the American Cancer Society, available scientific evidence does not support claims that the hulls of the black walnut remove intestinal parasites. Although this nut has a strong flavour, it is actually quite rare, as its shell is hard and difficult to remove. It is therefore only likely to be encountered in expensive baked goods. Most commercially available walnuts are hybrids of the ✅'''English walnut'''.
* ✅ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boswellia Boswellia] is a fragrant resin, extracts of which are used in pharmacology, particularly as anti-inflammatories. There have been no suggestions that boswellia might be a problem for helminths, and its anti-inflammatory action could be supportive of the beneficial effects that helminths produce, as demonstrated in Crohn’s disease in this study[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11215357].
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acorus_calamus Calamus/Sweet Flag] (Acorus calamus) The bitter element in sweetflag, acorin, is claimed to have anthelminthic properties, and the standardised rhizome extract of A. calamus has been shown to have significant dose-dependent effects against the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta, so may also harm other helminths. [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27757269]
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Castor_oil Castor oil]. This will not kill helminths, though it may help to expel worms after eradication, and this is probably the reason for its antiparasitic reputation and it's use in para-cleanse products.
* ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat's_claw Cat’s Claw] is [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat's_claw a common name for several plants] but it appears to be applied particularly to two species - [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncaria_tomentosa Uncaria tomentosa] (samento), most commonly used in the US, and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncaria_guianensis Uncaria guianensis], typically used in Europe. Medicines made from the root and bark of these species have been claimed online to facilitate the elimination of intestinal parasites, but WebMD states that there is [http://www.webmd.com/vitamins-supplements/ingredientmono-395-CAT'S%20CLAW.aspx?activeIngredientId=395&activeIngredientName=CAT%27S%20CLAW insufficient evidence] for its effectiveness against parasites, and there have been no reports so far from helminth hosts about these species causing problems for their worms.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inonotus_obliquus Chaga mushroom] (Inonotus obliquus). This fungus is claimed, in several places online, to be effective against intestinal parasites, and it has been used for this purpose in the traditional folk medicine of Russia and Eastern Europe. One hookworm host thinks this [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/810579668997990/?comment_id=810664495656174&offset=0&total_comments=8&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22:%22R4%22%7D may have caused the failure of several inoculations].
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larrea_tridentata Chaparral] (Larrea tridentata). Some cultures customarily bathe with chaparral annually to eliminate skin parasites, but use of the leaves of Larrea species is not advised, due to the possibility of damage to the liver and kidneys.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnamomum_verum Cinnamomum verum]. This was previously known as ⚡''C. zeylanicum'' and also referred to as ⚡"true cinnamon", ⚡''Ceylon cinnamon'' or ⚡''Sri Lanka cinnamon''. Alcoholic extracts of the bark of ⚡''C. verum'' have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424] so extracts of the bark may also have an adverse effect on other helminths. The spice, ⚡'''cinnamon''' is typically derived from related species within the genus, '''Cinnamomum'''.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citrus_decumana Citrus decumana]. Alcoholic extracts of the rind of Citrus decumana have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so extracts of the rind may also have an adverse effect on other helminths. Citrus decumana is a relative of the common ✅[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grapefruit grapefruit] (citrus paradisi) and, while commercially available forms of ⚡'''grapefruit seed extract''' have a potential to harm human helminths (due to the typical addition of synthetic adulterants), there is no evidence that the flesh of the grapefruit has any adverse effect on helminths.
* ❓ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crocus_sativus Crocus sativus]. Also known as autumn crocus and saffron crocus, this plant is best known for the spice saffron, which is produced from parts of the plant's flowers. Two important bioactive compounds of Crocus sativus (crocin and safranal), and some semi-synthetic derivatives of safranal, have been found to be [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25766747 effective against some types of parasite] (Helicobacter pylori, the malaria parasite, plasmodium, and Leishmania). However, there have been no reports about their possible effects on therapeutic helminths.
* ⚡ '''Curled/Curly Mint''' (Mentha spicata variety crispii/Mentha crispa/Mentha crispata). This cultivar of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spearmint Spearmint] (Mentha spicata), and close relative of Peppermint (Mentha piperita), may be effective against giardia and amoeba infections, and may have anthelminthic properties. It is listed[http://health.kernan.org/altmed/articles/intestinal-parasites-000097.htm] on one website under, “herbs that your health care provider might consider using to treat intestinal parasites.”
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desmodium_triflorum Desmodium triflorum]. Alcoholic extracts of Desmodium triflorum have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so it’s extracts may also have an adverse effect on other helminths, possibly due to it containing a significant amount of a powerful psychedelic substance which might cause hookworms to lose their grip and be expelled.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Echinacea Echinacea]. This is not a single plant but a genus containing several different species. In the case of medicinal products labelled as echinacea, these are likely to have been obtained from one or more of the following sources: E. purpurea, E. angustifolia or E. pallida. Such products may also be either extracts, or the expressed juice of, different plant organs (e.g., roots and leaves) resulting in different products having very different chemical compositions. However, there have been no reports of human helminths being harmed by taking any echinacea products. As the polysaccharides found in Echinacea purpurea roots have been [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26190752 shown to have anti-inflammatory effects], water extracts of these roots may be of benefit to helminth hosts who require a supplementary anti-inflammatory.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epazote Epazote]. See Wormseed.
* ⚡ [http://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceterach_officinarum Erba ruggine] (Ceterach officinarum) is listed[http://www.altmd.com/Articles/Worms--Encyclopedia-of-Alternative-Medicine] on one website under, “Herbals that may kill and expel worms.”
* ❓ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankincense Frankincense]  (olibanum). This aromatic resin is used in incense and perfumes, and is obtained from trees in the Boswellia genus. There have been no reports about it having any effect on helminths.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentian_root Gentian root]. The root and underground stem of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gentiana_lutea Gentiana lutea] (yellow gentian) are said to assist in expelling 'harmful organisms'. One subject has reported that taking a form of gentian in large quantity on a daily basis for sinus inflammation was responsible for the [https://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/helminthictherapy/conversations/topics/4473 loss of his whipworms], although possibly not his hookworms.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginkgo_biloba Ginkgo biloba]. There has been one hint that ginkgo may have caused a mild reduction in hookworm benefits, but this was by no means certain, and two other helminth hosts have reported taking ginkgo regularly with no apparent adverse effect on their worms. (Also see Anticoagulants.)
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldenseal Goldenseal] (Hydrastis canadensis). This contains '''berberine'''.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coptis_chinensis Goldenthread/Chinese goldthread] (Coptis chinensis) contains '''berberine'''.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goosefoot Goosefoot] (Chenopodium ambrosioides) is widely used to deworm animals, and the Japanese make a dewormer tea with the leaves. Goosefoot oil is a highly efficient anthelminthic, and extremely toxic. Human consumption of this herb has often produced strong side effects such as nausea and headaches, and even death in some cases.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hagenia Hagenia] (Hagenia abyssinica). Also known as African redwood, brayera, cusso, hagenia, and kousso, hagenia has been used as a treatment for the pork tapeworm (Taenia solium), but is often only partially effective in this case.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terminalia_chebula Haritaki] (Terminalia chebula). Also known as Yellow Myrobalan, Chebulic Myrobalan, Kadukkai, Silikha, Himmej, Karakkaya and A-ru-ra. The fruits are reportedly anthelmintic, but this reputation may be due more to its laxative properties than any actual worm-killing potential.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydnocarpus_wightiana Hydnocarpus wightiana]. Alcoholic extracts of the seeds have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so extracts of the seeds may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyssopus_officinalis Hyssop] (Hyssopus officinalis). The leaf contains an essential oil with antiseptic properties that has been claimed to have anthelminthic effects, but, if eaten as a herb, hyssop is unlikely to harm helminths.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipecac Ipecac], syrup of. Alkaloids in ipecac, including '''emetine''', are reported to kill several types of parasite, particularly amoebae, but also pinworms and tapeworms, although the amounts needed to produce these effects in humans are generally high and can lead to severe side effects. Emetine and the somewhat safer form, '''Dehydroemetine''', are usually reserved for rare cases of people infected with amoebae who are not cured by using anti-amoeba drugs.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juniper Juniper] (Juniperus communis) is a very effective natural antibiotic which is also said to have deworming properties, notably against liver fluke, and is used to treat worm infestations in animals. Juniper is also used as the primary flavouring in gin, but there have been no reports of any harm coming to helminths as a result of drinking gin.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaempferia_galanga Kaempferia galanga]. Alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so extracts of the rhizomes may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kava Kava/kava-kava] (Piper methysticum). According to this report[http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/index.cfm?id=3180], the active ingredients in Kava tea ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kavalactone kavalactones]) can create mild sedation without disrupting cognitive function, and can act as a muscle relaxant, with higher doses having an effect similar to that of a local anaesthetic. If Kava tea were to “relax” hookworms, this might conceivably affect their ability to keep their grip on their host’s mucosa, which might lead to them being expelled, especially if the drink is taken in quantity or at higher strength.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lemongrass Lemongrass] (Cymbopogon citratus) essential oil has shown [http://www.academia.edu/3999135/Evaluation_of_in_vitro_anthelmintic_activity_of_Cymbopogon_citratus_lemon_grass_extract anthelminthic activity against earthworms]. However, one individual has consumed lemongrass tea [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/544122108977082/ without adverse effect] on her hookworm or whipworm colonies.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liquorice Liquorice/licorice], the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra. One hookworm host has reported[https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/798992926823331/?comment_id=799022316820392&offset=0&total_comments=2] taking “lots” of deglycyrrhizinated licorice (DGL) with no ill effect on his worms. Liquorice extracts may be useful as an adjunctive therapy [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26383911 for psoriasis, for colitis] and possibly other autoimmune diseases, but excessive consumption of liquorice containing glycyrrhizin/glycyrrhizic acid [http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/03/150302081147.htm may not be wise]. The World Health Organization's recommended daily maximum for liquorice is 2 mg/kg.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lippia_nodiflora Lippia nodiflora]. Alcoholic extracts of this have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so these extracts may also have an adverse effect on other worms.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Male_fern Male fern] (Dryopteris filix mas). Also once known as worm fern! The rhizomes and young shoots (fiddleheads) of the male fern have antiparasitic properties and the root has been used to treat tapeworms. However, this herb is seldom used today due to its side effects (e.g. headaches and nausea) and because large doses are extremely poisonous and may induce liver damage. The North American equivalent of the male fern is the evergreen [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dryopteris_marginalis marginal shield-fern] (Dryopteris marginalis).
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milk_thistle Milk Thistle] (Silybum marianum). Also known as cardus marianus, blessed milk thistle, Marian Thistle, Mary Thistle, Saint Mary's Thistle, Mediterranean milk thistle, variegated thistle and Scotch thistle. There have been no adverse reports about this herb from worm hosts, and there are no reasons to believe that it might harm human helminths.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morinda_citrifolia Morinda citrifolia]. Alcoholic extracts of the tender leaves of ⚡''M. citrifolia'' have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so the same extracts may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mugwort Mugwort] (Artemisia vulgaris). Also known as Moxa, Common Wormwood, Traveler's Herb and Felon Herb, and a relative of wormwood (Artemisia Absinthium), mugwort is said to make short work of roundworms, pinworms and tapeworms.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myrrh Myrrh]. This has antiparasitic effects against various schistosome species and the liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neem Neem] (Azadirachta indica). Ayurvedic medicine holds that Neem is the best herb for treating worms and other parasites and that a simple decoction of Neem leaves can kill all parasites present in the intestines. Neem extract has also been shown to be [http://www.banglajol.info/index.php/DUJBS/article/view/8836 more effective against rodent helminths] than standard chemotherapy with albendazole or mebendazole.
* ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noni Noni] (Morinda citrifolia, also known as great morinda, Indian mulberry, beach mulberry and cheese fruit). A test tube study[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424] found that noni helps to eliminate the roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, but, so far, no helminth hosts have reported using this.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olive_leaf Olive leaf extract] (Olea europaea). Known as 'nature's antibiotic', this extract contains a component called oleuropein that is able to degrade pathological microorganisms of all kinds, and inhibit or kill many types of intestinal parasites including flatworms, hookworms, roundworms and tapeworms. Two subjects have reported losing their helminths after taking this.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oregon_grape Oregon grape] (Berberis aquifolium/mahonia aquifolium) contains '''berberine'''.
* ❌ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oroxylum_indicum Oroxylum indicum] (also known as broken bones plant, Indian calosanthes, Indian trumpet flower, kampong, midnight horror and tree of Damocles). The bark extract of O. indicum [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26660694 produces concentration-dependent effects against both larval and adult H. diminuta worms] so may also affect other helminths.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palmarosa Palmarosa] (Cymbopogon martinii). Also known as Indian geranium, gingergrass and rosha or rosha grass. This may kill helminths.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Passionflower Passion flower] (Passiflora). This will not harm helminths.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Handroanthus Pau D’arco] (Handroanthus). Also known as poui and ipê. The root bark has antiparasitic effects.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peppermint Peppermint] (Mentha piperita, aka M. balsamea Willd) is used as an ingredient in some antiparasitic preparations. Several helminth hosts have strongly suspected that peppermint oil killed their worms, and one found he could not establish a worm colony at all while taking peppermint oil. Even eating a lot of peppermints [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/948433751879247/?comment_id=948595591863063&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22:%22R%22%7D caused a return of disease symptoms] for one hookworm host. However, a number of others, who have used peppermint oil as a treatment for IBS, have noticed nothing untoward, and one subject has reported taking peppermint oil continuously without issue. Only the oil has been implicated. Eating ✅''peppermint leaves'', or drinking tea made from them, should not be a problem.
* ❌ '''Pollia serzogonian'''. Alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes of ⚡''P. serzogonian'' have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424] so extracts of the rhizomes may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punica_granatum Pomegranate] (Punica granatum). The rind of the pomegranate fruit is a traditional remedy for intestinal parasites, and alcoholic extracts of the rind have shown ‘moderate’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so these same extracts may have an adverse effect on other helminths. However, ✅''pomegranate seeds'' eaten in normal dietary amounts should not harm human helminths.
* ❌ [http://www.starchild.co.uk/products/6564_3590_quassia-root-chips.aspx Quassia] (Picrasma excelsa) has, anecdotally, been used successfully to treat threadworms and roundworms, as well as giardiasis, especially when used as an enema. It is a favoured botanical anthelminthic because of its low toxicity.
* ✅ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodiola_rosea Rhodiola rosea]. A hookworm host has reported[https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/995774170478538/?comment_id=996296763759612&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22:%22R%22%7D] regularly taking rhodiola without any adverse effect on his colony.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosemary Rosemary] has been reported not to be a problem for helminths.
* ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvia_officinalis Sage] (Salvia officinalis) was used traditionally as a treatment for intestinal worms and some forms of sage are still often included as an ingredient in modern proprietary antiparasitic remedies. However, the use of sage leaves as a culinary herb may not pose a problem for helminths, but there has not yet been sufficient feedback to be certain about this. ⚡[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sage_oil Sage oil] is likely to be much more of a problem for helminths, and one helminth provider cautions against the use of any concentrated form of sage.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santonin Santonin] is extracted from the dry buds of the desert plant ''Eurasian wormwood'' ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemisia_cina Artemisia cina]). It acts against most parasites except Echinococcus, and is used to treat roundworms.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saw_palmetto Saw palmetto] (Serenoa repens). Also known simply as Serenoa, or Sabal serrulatum. One individual has reported an inability to maintain a hookworm colony while taking this herb, but had success once the herb was discontinued.
* ✅ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shilajit Shilajit]. One hookworm host has taken this without any apparent adverse effect on his colony. [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/1132613460127941/]
* ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulmus_rubra Slippery elm] (ulmus rubra). This is listed on at least one website[http://www.livestrong.com/article/395900-herbal-home-remedy-for-hookworms-in-a-human/] as a herb that may be helpful in treating various types of parasitic worms, including hookworms, but the only report[https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/796860063703284/?comment_id=796869800368977&offset=0&total_comments=2] so far was from a hookworm host who said that she used a small amount of slippery elm powder on a few occasions without noticeably affecting her worms.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southernwood Southernwood] (Artemisia abrotanum) This European flowering plant has demonstrated effects against some helminths. It is also known as old man, boy's love, oldman wormwood, lover's plant, appleringie, garderobe, Our Lord's wood, maid's ruin, garden sagebrush, European sage, sitherwood and lemon plant. Spondias (Spondias mombin or Spondias purpurea var. lutea) This tropical fruit, which is also known as hog plums, Spanish plums, libas in Bikol, golden apples and mombins, may have anthelminthic effects.
* ❓ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypericum_perforatum St. John’s Wort] (Hypericum perforatum). Some of the chemical constituents of hypericum might conceivably have an adverse effect on helminths if taken in isolation (e.g., hyperforin has demonstrated some antibacterial properties, and hypericin has shown both antibacterial and antiviral activity), but the whole, powdered herb is unlikely to present a serious risk to human helminths.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemisia_annua Sweet Annie] (Artemisia annua). Also known as sweet wormwood, sweet sagewort and annual wormwood. Both the herb and the pure form of its active ingredient, the sesquiterpene lactone, artemisinin, have been used traditionally to treat malaria and intestinal parasites. Artemisinin is a potent anthelminthic and has been shown to be effective against [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schistosoma schistosomes].
* ✅ [http://www.tancosan.com/tancosan-weerstand-ervaringen/weerstand-infectie/ Tancosan]. This herbal combination product is unlikely to be a problem at the recommended dosage, and this has been confirmed by one helminth host who has used Tancosan for over a 2 year period without any obvious adverse effect on her worms.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tansy Tansy] (Tanacetum vulgare) is highly toxic to internal parasites and, for centuries, tansy tea has been prescribed by herbalists to expel worms.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tea_tree_oil Tea tree oil] (Melaleuca alternifolia) has been claimed to kill intestinal worms, including roundworms, tapeworms and hookworms, though evidence for this is lacking. There are, however, [http://groups.yahoo.com/neo/groups/helminthictherapy/conversations/topics/5645 hints] that the use of tea tree products might have effects on those who are hosting helminths.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tephrosia_purpurea Tephrosia purpurea]. Alcoholic extracts of ⚡''T. purpurea'' have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so these extracts may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thymol Thymol], a monoterpene phenol found in [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyme%23Medicinal_use oil of thyme] and ''oregano oil'', has antimicrobial and antifungal properties and is said to be highly effective against hookworms. It can also be toxic and has caused fatalities in children.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usnea Usnea] are lichen species with powerful antibiotic and antifungal properties. [http://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Usnea_florida Usnea florida] extract has been found to have a dose-dependent antihelminthic effect against the nematode worm, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trichinella_spiralis Trichinella spiralis].
* ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arctostaphylos_uva-ursi Uva-ursi]. (Arctostaphylos uva-ursi). One of several related species referred to as bearberry, uva-ursi contains the glycoside [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arbutin arbutin], which has antimicrobial properties. There are claims online that uva-ursi is also anthelminthic, but, so far, there have been no reports of its effect on therapeutic helminths.
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vasaka Vasaka] (Justicia adhatoda). Also known as Malabar Nut, Adulsa, Adhatoda and Vasa. From the same family as Adhatoda zeylanica. The leaves (which contain vasicine, an alkaloid with significant antimicrobial activity), root, bark, fruit, and flowers are all said to help in removing intestinal parasites.
* ✅ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vitex_agnus-castus Vitex agnus-castus]. Also known as vitex, chaste tree, chasteberry, Abraham's balm, lilac chastetree and monk's pepper. One hookworm host has taken 1000 mg of dried vitex agnus castus each day for many months without any noticeable ill effect on her worms. [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/986939411362014/?comment_id=986984301357525&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22:%22R%22%7D]
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juglans_cinerea White walnut] (Juglans cinerea). Also known as Butternut. This nut has been used to expel rather than kill worms, although both root bark and leaves have been used in combination with an equal amount of ❌''Mugwort'' to treat worms in children.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wild_rue Wild rue] (Peganum harmala). Also known as Esfand, Syrian rue, African rue and harmal. Its powdered seeds were used traditionally to expel tapeworms.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stachys_officinalis Wood betony] (Stachys officinalis). Also known as betony, purple betony, bishopwort, or bishop's wort. A tea made from this may kill helminths.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Woodsorrel Woodsorrel] (Oxalis) has been reported[https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/544122108977082/] as not being a problem for worm hosts when eaten as a food.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dysphania_ambrosioides Wormseed] (Dysphania ambrosioides, formerly Chenopodium ambrosioides). Also known as epazote, goosefoot, Jesuit's Tea, Mexican Tea, Herba Sancti Mariae and paico. Wormseed is a traditional herbal remedy used in the tropics for expelling roundworms, hookworms and tapeworms. The oil, leaves or whole plants can be used, but one study found that the powdered herb did not effectively eradicate hookworms, roundworms, or whipworms.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemisia_absinthium Wormwood] (Artemisia Absinthium). Also known as common wormwood, green ginger or grand wormwood, this herb was used traditionally as an anthelminthic. Other members of the genus, artemisia, that were traditionally used as anthelminthics include white wormwood ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemisia_herba-alba Artemisia herba-alba]) and Eurasian wormwood (Artemisia cina) - commonly known as santonica, Levant wormseed, and wormseed.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yerba_mate Yerba mate] (also known as erva-mate). No adverse reports have appeared so far about the effect of this herb on human helminths, or of the beverage made from it, known as mate, maté, Chimarrão, cimarrón, Tererê or Tereré.
* ❌ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zingiber_zerumbet Zingiber zerumbet]. Alcoholic extracts of the rhizomes of Z. zerumbet have shown ‘good’ anthelmintic activity against the human roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, in test tube studies[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1158424], so these extracts may also have an adverse effect on other helminths.
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== Miscellaneous ==
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* ✅ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apitherapy Bee venom therapy] appears to be safe for worms. [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/876826799039943/?comment_id=876902382365718&offset=0&total_comments=5&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22:%22R2%22%7D]
* ⚡ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diatomaceous_earth Diatomaceous earth]. This is made from the fossilized remains of tiny, aquatic organisms called diatoms which are mined from ancient sea beds and ground into a fine powder to produce food grade or medical grade diatomite. The finer grade diatomites are used as an insecticide and are also employed to deworm pets and humans. They are believed to work by dehydrating the organism, although the sharp edges of the particles may also be damaging to tiny creatures. A daily dose of one heaped teaspoon of diatomaceous earth has been claimed to be effective for human worm control, and one helminth provider has cautioned against its use while hosting worms.
* ❓ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay Clay] (e.g., bentonite, kaolin) is claimed by some sources to be a natural parasite preventive that inhibits the reproduction of organisms, and one helminth provider at one time advised against its use while hosting worms. However, it is now thought much less likely to harm the human hookworm and whipworm than it is tapeworms, and it may in fact not have any adverse effect at all on human hookworms and whipworms.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fasting Fasting]. This [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/812582472131043/?comment_id=813100818745875&offset=0&total_comments=3&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22:%22R%22%7D will not harm human helminths] because they feed from their host’s blood (hookworms), or from their tissue (whipworms), rather than sharing what their host eats. This is in contrast to the rat tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta (HDC) which shares its host’s food as this passes along the intestine, and requires dietary carbohydrates to survive, so may be harmed by a prolonged fast.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fever Fever]. Running a fever for several days will not harm helminths.
* ✅ [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperbaric_oxygen Hyperbaric oxygen]. There have been no reports of any adverse effects from hyperbaric oxygen, in spite of many helminthic therapy subjects with autism having used it.
* ✅ [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketosis Ketosis] is a metabolic state in which most of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood. This state is often induced deliberately by fasting or the adoption of a low-carbohydrate diet as a intervention in various medical conditions. One commenter has suggested that ketosis should not be harmful to helminths because, like fungi, they have mitochondria so can metabolise fat and therefore utilise ketones as a food source, unlike bacteria and viruses which require carbohydrates to survive. [https://www.facebook.com/groups/htsupport/permalink/1077988932257061/?comment_id=1078025565586731&comment_tracking=%7B%22tn%22:%22R0%22%7D] For more on keptogenic diets, see here[http://perfecthealthdiet.com/2011/02/ketogenic-diets-i-ways-to-make-a-diet-ketogenic/].
* ❓ [http://rifevideos.com/index.html Rife machines]. These devices are claimed to be capable of killing or "devitalizing" worms when set to 2,400 Hz. Therefore, assuming that they are able to do what is claimed (and this is a contentious issue) it would seem sensible to avoid this particular frequency if using these machines.
* ✅ '''Steam'''. Saunas, hot tubs and hot baths do not harm helminths because the body's core temperature remains relatively constant while the skin sweats.
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Robert
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